Study Corner

This page is designed to help kids study for upcoming tests and quizzes. Important information from the notes will be included at the top of the section. I will also include links to other websites to help apply the basic concepts and information. Kids can show the Prezi I created to review which has videos and links. These Prezis were used in the classroom to introduce the topic. These additional resources should help when preparing for tests and quizzes.

Rocks

Properties of Rocks (how we categorize them)

Texture-visible minerals or grains

Layering

Color/Patterns

**Rocks are found in layers.

Soil

Soil is formed from weathered rock and decaying plant material.

Composition (what it’s made of)

1. Small rocks

2. Decomposed pieces of plants and animals

3. Products of plants and animals

Soil Properties (How we identify and classify them)

1. Color

2. Capacity to retain water (how much water it holds)

3. Capacity to grow plants in

4. Texture

Kinds of soils

Kind of soil How it feels Holds shape when wet

Sandy	Feels gritty	Won’t stick together when wet
Silty	Feels powdery	Will stick together when wet but will not hold together after it dries
Clay	Feels sticky	Stays together when wet

Soil is also found in layers, with the topsoil on top

Rocks and Soil Links

Soil Safari

http://school.discoveryeducation.com/schooladventures/soil/soil_safari.html

Rocks and Soil Review game

http://reviewgamezone.com/game.php?id=3498&button=Find

Earth’s Processes-

Weathering-the process that breaks down and changes rocks (also called mechanical weathering)

Weathering can occur at different paces:

Fast processes:

Volcanic eruptions, Earthquakes, Landslides

Slow processes:

Erosion-the moving of weathered rock and/or soil

*Flowing water is the main cause of erosion.

Wind	Caused by moving materials over surfaces and making them rough
Water	Caused by water moving over the surface and making it smooth
Ice	Caused by freezing and thawing
Plant growth	Roots grow inside and breaking apart rocks

Deposition-the dropping of material moved by erosion

*The soil/rock erodes then it’s deposited in another place.

Landforms created by deposition:

Landform How it’s formed

Dunes	Caused by wind dropping sand
Deltas	Caused by moving water that picks up sand and sediment and carries it until the current slows down and the sediment is dropped and builds up over time.
Moraines	Created by glaciers moving slowly over the land and dropping rock and soil

Weathering Prezi

http://prezi.com/60a8jicet3x5/earths-changing-surface/

Weathering Links

Virtual lab on water erosion http://www.unitedstreaming.com/videos/dsc/externalApplications/virtual_labs-es/Erosion/index.html

Shape it up! http://www.sciencenetlinks.com/interactives/shapeitup.html

Review game:

Rocks, soil weathering: http://www.reviewgamezone.com/preview.php?id=3500

Earth’s Resources

Resource-something that people use (rocks, soil)

2 kinds:

Renewable-resources that can be replaced within a reasonably short period of time (trees, water, air, wildlife)Nonrenewable-resources that cannot ever be replaced

Examples:

Fossil fuels-plant and animal remains that turn into fossils then turn into coal, oil, and natural gas

Ways to extend the life of nonrenewable resources: 3R’s

Reduce	use less of the resource
Reuse	use the resource again
Recycle	new materials are made from old ones

Resources Prezi

http://prezi.com/t8knwg1dpcrw/resources/

Conservation Prezi

http://prezi.com/k7_q16x95x5j/conservation-of-resources/

Resources Links

Power Up!- http://www.kineticcity.com/controlcar/activity.php?virus=enervia&act=4

Hungry Mice (renewable/nonrenewable resources) http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/exhibitions/energy/site/EIZgames.asp

Watt’s That Jr. (Jeopardy type game)- http://www.energyquest.ca.gov/wattsthat_junior/namethis/index.html

Recycle Roundup http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/Games/ActionGames/Recycle-roundup

Wonderville-Energy Street http://www.wonderville.ca/asset/energy-street-energy-conservation

Kinetic City http://www.kineticcity.com/controlcar/activity.php?act=4&virus=flossil

Resources Review game

http://reviewgamezone.com/game.php?id=3500&button=Find

Weather

Water Cycle

Precipitation
Evaporate/evaporation
Condense/condensation
Water vapor
Humidity

Know the different forms that water takes in the water cycle:

Sleet, hail, rain, fog, water vapor, snow

Clouds

Name of Cloud Appearance Location Weather

Cumulonimbus	High	Rain, thunderstorms, hail, wind
Cirrus	Highest clouds50-55,000 ft.	Good
Cumulus	Low 5,000 ft	Fair weather, these clouds grow on sunny days
Stratus	Lowest	Light rain, drizzle, flurries, overcast

Weather Instruments

Rain gauge measures how much rain you’ve received

Barometer measures air pressure

Thermometer measures thermal energy in both Fahrenheit and Celsius

Anemometer measures wind speed

Be able to read a weather chart and tell what kind of climate it represents and what kind of weather they are having.

Weather Links

Wild weather gamehttp://scijinks.jpl.nasa.gov/weather/fun/wwa/wwa.shtml

Clouds slider puzzlerhttp://spaceplace.nasa.gov/en/kids/cloudsat_puz.shtml

Cloudshttp://eo.ucar.edu/webweather/cloud3.html

Water cycle interactivehttp://www.crickweb.co.uk/assets/resources/flash.php?&file=changingstate

Scholastic Weather makerhttp://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/wwatch/index.htm

Ed Heads weatherhttp://www.edheads.org/activities/weather/

Make a snowflakehttp://whyfiles.org/2010/make-a-snowflake/

Play with lightninghttp://whyfiles.org/2010/play-with-lightning/

Control a tornadohttp://whyfiles.org/2010/control-a-tornado/

Make a rainbowhttp://whyfiles.org/2010/make-rainbows/

Thunder and Lightning

http://www.jason.org/digital_library/2826.aspx

Weather Prezi

http://prezi.com/i664lxbjn2ng/weather/

Weather Review game

http://reviewgamezone.com/game.php?id=3416&button=Find

Earth

Characteristics of the Earth

*75% covered by water (some which is frozen in the form of glaciers)

*There is a thin blanket of air surrounding the Earth called the atmosphere.

Shape of the Earth

*Spherical (Round)

*Different places get different amounts of energy from the sun because of its shape (the poles get less energy because it doesn’t hit them directly).

Tilt of the Earth

*Earth is tilted 23 degrees

*Always tilted the same amount

*Tilt of the Earth determines seasons

When a location is tilted toward the Sun it gets the most direct sunlight. These days are longer and warmer (summer). When a location is tilted away from the Sun it gets less direct sunlight. These days are shorter and are colder.

Orbit

*The orbit is elliptical (oval)

*This elliptical shape is exaggerated. The orbit of the Earth is almost circular

Earth Prezi

http://prezi.com/0_2jx4hb95he/earth/

Earth's Characteristics Review Game

http://reviewgamezone.com/game.php?id=3418&button=Find

Websites

http://www.learner.org/jnorth/tm/mclass/jr/DayYear/TimeDay1.html

Seasons

http://astro.unl.edu/classaction/animations/coordsmotion/eclipticsimulator.html

Seasons image

http://www.absorblearning.com/media/attachment.action?quick=a1&att=714

Changing Earth’s tilthttp://janus.astro.umd.edu/astro/seasons/

Day and night

http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es0408/es0408page01.cfm?chapter_no=04

Earth, Sun and Moon

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/scienceclips/ages/9_10/earth_sun_moon.shtmlhttp://www.engineeringinteract.org/resources/astroadventure.htm

Why the stars seem to move

http://www.valdosta.edu/~cbarnbau/astro_demos/frameset_seasons.html

Sun/Moon/Earth movement

http://www.forgefx.com/casestudies/prenticehall/ph/eclipse/eclipses.htm

http://www.engineeringinteract.org/resources/astroadventure.htm

Sun

The Sun is a STAR at the center of the solar system. The Sun is a medium sized star.

Some stars are larger like Betelgeuse, whose size is 500 times bigger than our Sun. Betelgeuse appears smaller in the sky because the Sun is closer to the Earth.

Some planets look larger than stars even though they aren’t. This is because the planets are so much closer to Earth.

Reasons that some stars look larger

1. size

2. distance

Sun Prezi

https://prezi.com/secure/e2068b42353ae5d52f4338a5676d1f3a15f5e4b5/